Biology: Definition, Branches, Botany, Zoology, Systematics, and Significance

Leave a Comment / Botany, Diversity in living organisms /

A few key elements concerning Evolution
About 25 billion years ago, the Universe began to form. About 4 billion years ago, life began. The conditions on Earth at the time of life’s inception are as follows:
1. Extremely hot temperatures, i.e. 800°C
2. Gases such as CH4, NH3, He, H2, and water vapours were present in the form of lighter components.
3. Heavy elements such as Fe (iron) and Nickel (Ni) are found in the Earth’s core.
4. The only source of energy was ultraviolet light, which favoured photochemical reactions.
5. During the period of evolution, there was no molecular oxygen in the atmosphere, i.e. the atmosphere was reduced.

Biology: Definition, Branches, Botany, Zoology, Systematics, and Significance Read More »

Pinwheel Flower: Taxonomy, Distribution, Botanical Features, Chemical Constituents, and Uses

Leave a Comment / Botany, Plants /

Tabernaemontana divaricata is an ornamental plant. It’s a member of the Apocynaceae family. It is typically referred to as crepe jasmine. It is known as Tagar or Kath Mallika in West Bengal. It can be found on lawns, gardens, and areas where people have settled. Due to its creamy latex, glossy, deep green foliage, and white, fragrant blooms, this plant is particularly alluring. This plant has a large number of phytochemical substances, including alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, phenolic acids, and various plant enzymes, making it particularly popular in traditional medicine. The plant parts are used to treat a variety of human physiological diseases, including leprosy, epilepsy, abdominal tumours, eye infections, fractures, fever, headache, inflammations, edoema etc
The plant typically reaches a height of 5 to 6 feet (1.5–1.8 m). The leaves are roughly 15 cm long and 5.0 cm wide. They are big, lustrous, and deep green. In addition to Vinca and Nerium, other genera in the family Apocynaceae also have flowers that have the distinctive “Pinwheel” shape. It is grown in both single- and double-flowered varieties, and both varieties have white flowers. Although the double-flowered variant has more blossoms, the single-flowered form’s flowers lack perfume. Although blossoms intermittently occur practically all year long, the crape jasmine blooms in the spring. White pinwheels with five petals, the waxy blossoms are borne in tiny clusters at the tips of the stems.

Pinwheel Flower: Taxonomy, Distribution, Botanical Features, Chemical Constituents, and Uses Read More »

Angiosperms: Definition, Characteristics, Syngamy, and Triple Fusion

Leave a Comment / Angiosperms /

The term Angiosperm is derived from the Greek word Angelion means bottle or vessel and Sperma means seed by Paul Hermann in 1960. Angiosperms are also called flowering plants because of the presence of a Flower. The Angiosperms are also known as Fruiting plants as they produce seeds and fruits. The Angiosperms is the most diverse group that includes 64 orders, 416 families, and 3,000,000 species. Seed plants with sporophylls grouped into flowers and seeds generated inside fruits are known as angiosperms. They are the most evolved plants on the planet and make up the majority of the current vegetation. It includes trees, shrubs, vines, and herbs adapted to almost every kind of environment.

Angiosperms: Definition, Characteristics, Syngamy, and Triple Fusion Read More »

Genetic code: Definition, Types, Properties, and Codon Degeneracy

Leave a Comment / Botany, Genetics /

Following is a list of 20 amino acids and their short names.
Ala=Alanine Asp=Acid aspartate acid Glu=glutamic Iso=Isoleucine Meth=Methionine Ser=Serine Tyr=Tyrosine Arg=Arginine Cys=Cysteine Gly=Glycine Leu=Leucine Phe=Phenylalanine Thr=Threonine Glu=Glutamine Val=Valine Asn=Asparagine His=Histidine Lys=Lysine Pro=Proline Trypto=Tryptophan

Genetic code: Definition, Types, Properties, and Codon Degeneracy Read More »

Burflower Tree: Classification, Localization, Characteristics, and Biological Significance

Leave a Comment / Botany, Protista /

Neolamarckia cadamba, also known as “Kadamba” in Ayurveda, is a member of the Rubiaceae family. A beloved plant of “Lord Gopal,” known by the Hindi name “tree Kadam,” is one of the vascular plants mentioned in ancient Sanskrit texts. Large deciduous tree with a height range of 37.5 to 45 metres. New trees have even bark and a grayish-green look. Older trees have alternate, uneven grey bark that is longitudinally fissured as part of their look. Glossy, dark green, simple pulpiness base, sub sessile to petiolate, broadly ovate to elliptical-oblong, whole, apex, and pinnate venation are all characteristics of the leaves. From August to October, orange to yellow flowers begins to bloom. Clustered inflorescences with terminal globose heads, sub sessile, and fragrant. Fruit lets plentiful with top sections that feature four voids or rigid structures.
The species is commonly, but wrongly, referred to as Anthocephalus Chinensis because it possesses fragrance orange blooms that are present in thick globe-shaped clusters and are used to make perfumes. It is a decorative plant that is also utilized in the production of paper and lumber. In Indian mythology and religion, it is of utmost importance. Given the great significance of the cadamba tree to humanity, several religions in India have fervently held that God resides within one. Ayi Jagadamba Mad Amba Kadamba Vana Priyavaasini Haasa Rate is a Sanskrit shloka that states that Goddess Durga likes to reside in a forest of Cadamba trees.

Burflower Tree: Classification, Localization, Characteristics, and Biological Significance Read More »

Devil’s Apple: Classification, Origin, Distribution, Description Phytochemical compounds and Uses

Leave a Comment / Botany, Plants /

Datura stramonium is an annual plant.Devil’s trumpet, Jamestown, or Jimson weed are all names for the plant Datura stramonium (Lee, 2007). Its Solanaceae family, which includes deadly nightshade (Atropabelladenna), is abundant in alkaloids. One of the most prevalent poisonous plants in the northern hemisphere is a weed called C.maculatum which belongs to the Apiaceae family. Due to the little gap between its therapeutic and hazardous dosages, it was once utilized as a medication, but its medicinal usefulness is now relatively limited (Vetter, 2004).
It is an annual plant. The stem is herbaceous, branching, glabrous, and mildly hairy, while the leaves are stalked, 4-6 in long, ovate, and pale green. Fruits are as large as walnuts and covered in thorns. The plant is toxic on its whole. The entire plant is used in West Africa as an anti-inflammatory, as well as a remedy for skin infections and tooth problems. The crushed, dried leaves are used as a therapeutic ointment or to sprinkle on cuts.

Devil’s Apple: Classification, Origin, Distribution, Description Phytochemical compounds and Uses Read More »

Mexican argemone: History, Classification, Habitat, Chemical Constituents, and, Uses

Leave a Comment / Botany, Plants /

Argemone mexicana was mistakenly introduced as a contaminant in seed, as an ornamental plant, or for cultivation primarily for ethnobotanical research. The history of its inception and global dissemination is poorly understood. It was originally noted on Ascension in 1828 and had become the most widespread weed on St. Helena by 1814. It was unintentionally introduced to New Zealand in the 1890s together with imported wheat. The plant was originally noted in 1934 and was brought to Hawaii as an ornamental. Tye noted that the plant was still very uncommon and expressed concern that it might pose a future threat. It was originally observed in the wild in the Czech Republic in 1965, but it now seems to be extinct.

Mexican argemone: History, Classification, Habitat, Chemical Constituents, and, Uses Read More »

Gardenia Plant: Classification, Distribution, Characteristics, Locations, and Uses

Leave a Comment / Botany, Plants /

The Gardenia is one of roughly 250 species of flowering plants in the Rubiaceae family that are indigenous to tropical and subtropical parts of Africa, southern Asia, Australia, and Oceania. The Gardenia flower is a symbol of feminine skill, Refinement, and Grace in China and Japan.

Gardenia Plant: Classification, Distribution, Characteristics, Locations, and Uses Read More »

Wolfsbane Plant: Classification, Morphology, and Uses

Leave a Comment / Botany, Plants /

Toxicology of Aconitine
It is easily absorbed both through the skin and mucous membranes. In very high doses, respiratory paralysis and cardiac collapse both cause death. Paresthesia, which includes tingling in the mouth, begins a few minutes after consumption. Starting from the extremities, this covers the entire body. Followed by anaesthesia, bodily cooling and sweating, nausea and vomiting, and other symptoms.

Wolfsbane Plant: Classification, Morphology, and Uses Read More »