Puberty in human males
Puberty is the time when the reproductive organs begin to operate. Puberty is attained between 13-16 years. The hormone testosterone plays a significant role in the onset of puberty. This hormone brings about the growth of the secondary sex organs and the development of accessory or external sex characters. The follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and interstitial cells stimulating hormone (ICSH) of the pituitary gland regulate the growth, maintenance, and functioning of the seminiferous tubules and Leydig’s cells respectively.
Puberty in human Females
Females reach puberty around the age of thirteen. At this time the pituitary gland begins producing follicle-stimulating hormones. FSH stimulates the growth of the ovaries, which then create the hormone oestrogen. This hormone is responsible for the development of the secondary female sexual characters, including a change in voice and the development of external genitalia, breasts, body hair, and the femine shape. This shape means a widening of the pelvis and deposits of fat in the thighs, buttocks, and face.
Disorders of Female Reproductive system
Some of the few disorders of the Female Reproductive system are as
Sterility: Inability of the females to conceive due to inadequacy in structure or function of the genital organs.
Menstrual Irregularity: this may be amenorrhoea (absence of menstruation) excessive or prolonged bleeding of the uterus (hypermenorrhoea) or dysmenorrhoea (painful menstruation).
Breast cancer: Usually affects women over the age of 30. Its incidence increases after women attain menopause. Once detected, the standard treatment involves removal of the breast (mastectomy)
Ovarian cysts: these are fluid-filled tumors of the ovary. Sometimes during pregnancy, such cysts rupture and regress. In old women, ovarian cysts are surgically removed.
Cervical cancer: It is a relatively slow-growing cancer. It can be treated with radiation or surgery if it has been detected.