OUR ENVIRONMENT: Short Answer Type Questions for Class 10th Chapter 10 JKBOSE/NCERT
VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
Questions 1. Define trophic level.
Ans: A trophic level refers to the position of an organism in a food chain or food web, determined by its source of energy and its role as a producer, consumer, or decomposer.
Questions 2. Name the component that makes energy from sunlight available to the rest of the ecosystem.
Ans: The component that makes energy from sunlight available to the rest of the ecosystem is the producers or autotrophs, primarily green plants through the process of photosynthesis.
Questions 3. How much per cent of the energy of sunlight that falls on green plants is absorbed by them in a terrestrial ecosystem?
Ans: In a terrestrial ecosystem, green plants absorb approximately 1-2% of the energy from sunlight that falls on them.
Questions 4. In a food chain what percentage of energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next higher trophic level?
Ans: On average, only about 10% of the energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next higher trophic level in a food chain.
Questions 5. What is the role of decomposers in an ecosystem?
Ans: Decomposers play the role of breaking down dead organisms and organic matter into simpler substances. They release nutrients back into the ecosystem, facilitating nutrient recycling and the decomposition process.
Questions 6. What is biological magnification or bio-magnification?
Ans: Biological magnification or biomagnification refers to the process where certain harmful substances or pollutants become more concentrated and increase in their toxicity as they move up the food chain. This is because the organisms at higher trophic levels accumulate the substances present in their prey over time.
Questions 7. What is an aquarium?
Ans: An aquarium is a transparent container, typically made of glass or acrylic, used for keeping and displaying aquatic plants, animals, and fish. It provides a controlled environment for observing and studying aquatic life.
Questions 8. Give one example of an ozone-depleting substance.
Ans: One example of an ozone-depleting substance is chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), commonly used in refrigerants, aerosol propellants, and foam-blowing agents.
Questions 9. Expand the term UNEP.
Ans: UNEP stands for the United Nations Environment Programme.
Questions 10. Expand the term CFCs
Ans: CFCs stand for chlorofluorocarbons, which are synthetic compounds containing chlorine, fluorine, and carbon. They were commonly used in various industrial applications, including aerosols, refrigerants, and foam-blowing agents. CFCs are known to deplete the ozone layer and have been largely phased out under the Montreal Protocol due to their harmful environmental effects.