Botany

White Rock Larkspur (Delphinium leucophaeum): Classification, Habitat, Characteristics, General Description, Floral Characteristics, and Fruits  

The Ranunculaceae tribe Delphinieae includes 385 species of the genus Delphinium L., most of which are found in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere and mountainous regions of equatorial Africa (Ilarslan et al. 1997). In the Flora Iranica region, this genus has 53 species, 29 of which have been documented from Iran (Iranshahr 1992). In the northeast of Iran (Khorassan), Afghanestan, and Turkmenistan, the plant Delphinium semibarbatum grows (Iranshahr 1992). This species was acknowledged as a synonym of D. zalil in Flora Iranica (Iranshahr 1992) and Flora of the USSR (Nevskii 1937), but Parsa (1951) and IPNI considered these two species to be separate species (International Plant Names Index).

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Gene Pool: History, Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, and Quaternary gene pool and Importance

The set of all genes, or genetic data, in any population, typically of a specific species, is known as the Gene Pool
A Gene pool is a collection of all the genes (including alleles) found in a population or species that is capable of reproduction.
The term “Gene pool” refers to the entire gene pool found in interbreeding populations. One way to look at this is that the population’s ability to survive environmental problems increases with the size of the gene pool. Inbreeding can result in a narrow gene pool and a decreased capacity to endure environmental obstacles wherever these people live, such as among siblings or first cousins.

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Avocado Plant (Persea Americana): Classification, History, Origin, Discovery, Distribution, Characteristics, Phytochemistry, and, Nutritional Attributes

Avocado trees should ideally be planted outside in the spring. This gives the tree plenty of time to establish itself before the chilly winter weather arrives. This is particularly crucial in the hardiness zones for avocado trees in the north. Select a planting place where there will be enough space for these tall trees to flourish. If you’re planting more than one avocado tree, space them at least 30 feet apart and at least 10 feet away from any buildings.
Remember that avocado trees’ roots are highly delicate, and make an effort to avoid disturbing them needlessly while planting. Wider than the root system, dig a hole. Since planting the tree too deep or too shallowly can result in issues, the depth of the hole should typically match the height of the root ball.
As a result of the tree’s susceptibility to strong winds, very young, delicate, and immature trees might benefit from support. Your tree will stay upright and healthy if you put it in an area that gives wind shelter. Make sure your tree has good soil drainage and receives lots of sunlight. Sand or another well-draining substrate can be added to the soil to improve it if the soil is not in optimal condition before planting. Although doing so would eventually slow their growth, avocado trees can also be planted in containers.

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Australian Umbrella Tree: Classification, Distribution, Description, Ecological Significance, and, Care for Umbrella Plants

A Member of the Araliaceae family of trees, Heptapleurum actinophyllum was formerly known as Schefflera actinophylla. Schefflera is an epiphyte in the genus. The tropics and subtropics are home to a large number of Schefflera species, which number over 650. The Schefflera looks a lot like an exotic, 25-foot-tall plant umbrella thanks to its huge, palmately complex, lustrous leaves perched atop its numerous, thin, naked trunks. Schefflera gives any landscape usage, from patio pots to interiorscapes to covered outdoor areas, a tropical feel. Schefflera will expand quickly to form a dense windbreak or screen for property lines and is capable of growing to a height of 40 feet. In the summer, trees that are growing in full sunlight will bloom, with an odd arrangement of tiny blooms on three-foot-diameter, rigid terminal clusters. These clusters, which are held above the foliage, are organized like the tentacles of an octopus or the ribs of an inverted umbrella. After the crimson blooms, half-inch reddish-purple fruits appear. Several Schefflera species’ leaves and bark are used as diuretics and cough remedies. The treatment of asthma, liver disorders, rheumatism, arthritis, sprains, fractures, stomach ache, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, migraine, and general tonic is among the ethnomedical uses of Schefflera (Ragasa et al., 2005). Caffeoyl acids, quercetin glycoside, and oleanolic acid glycoside are the primary components of S. venulosa extract, which promotes blood circulation and guards against cerebral and heart vascular disorders (Purohith et al., 1991).

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Babul (Acacia nilotica): Introduction, Classification, Origin, distribution, Plant Description, Chemical constituents, and, Uses

Acacia nilotica is often referred to as the Egyptian thorn, Babul, or prickly tree. The nitrogen-fixing tree legume acacia serves a variety of purposes. It can be found anywhere from the sea to a height of nearly 2000 metres. It can tolerate temperatures as high as 50 degrees Celsius and air dryness, but while it is young, it is vulnerable to frost. From Egypt through Mauritania south to South Africa, it is widely distributed in subtropical and tropical Africa. In Asia, it is widely distributed east to Pakistan and India.

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Buffalograss: Distribution, Habitat, Classification, Characteristics, and, Uses

Buffalograss is an indigenous, warm-season, stoloniferous perennial that reaches heights of 4 to 6 inches. The length and width of the leaf blade are 3 to 6 inches. A row of short hairs forms the ligule. It is a dioecious plant. The seed head is supported by a spike on both sexes. The male blooms have two or three small spikes on slender, upright stems, while the female flowers are burs partially concealed amid the leaves (Leithead et al., 1971).

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Cecile brunner: Introduction, History, Characteristics, Description, and Plant Tips for Care

How do you take care of a Cecile Brunner rose?
Ans: Full light is ideal for growing roses, and Cecile Brunner is no exception. for the best-built, healthiest canes. Additionally, allow for at least 6 hours of sunlight each day for the majority of blooms. These hardy roses, which bloom often throughout the summer, require a lush, rich setting that won’t become soggy and has excellent air circulation. For the best repeat blooms, water often. Regular fertilization is necessary for wholesome growth and blooming. Deadhead to encourage new flowers, and prune in the early spring. These thrive best with a thick covering of mulch and are extremely heat- and cold-resistant. A contemporary Rose’s ability to withstand salt, pollution, and pests

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Bauhinia variegata (Mountain ebony): Classification, History, Botanical Description, Chemical Constituents, and Health Benefits of B. variegata

The Bauhinia variegata is a small to medium-sized tree with a large crown and a short bole. The tree had a 50 cm diameter and a maximum height of 15 m. In comparison, trees are substantially smaller in dry forests. The bark is light brown grey in hue, soft to slightly fissured, and scaly. Bark’s inside is pinkish in hue, bitter, and fibrous. The twigs have a pleasing brownish grey color and are light green, zigzag when young, slender, angled, and to some extent hairy. The tree’s leaves have small, 1-2 mm stipules and an early caduceus. The petiole measures 3-4 cm and is puberulous to glabrous, but the lamina measures 6-16 cm in diameter and is often oval to spherical and much wider than elongated. The lobe tips are extensively rounded. Typically, the upper surface is glabrous, and the lower is glaucous, yet once fully mature, the lower surface turns glabrous. Racemes with no branches at the twig ends make up the flower clusters. Fewer blooms contain hypanthium, which is a stalk-like structure with a narrow, green basal tube and short stalks. A bright green bud with five-pointed angles and a hair-covered calyx that breaks apart on one side while the other two sides remain attached. The flower features five petals, which are somewhat asymmetrical, smaller at the base, and edged with curves. The flower also has five exceedingly thin, curled stamens, a stigma that resembles a dot, a curved pistil, and a single, narrow, green ovary (Patil et al. 2012). Each stiff, long, flat, band-shaped, diagonally striate, dehiscent pod bears 10–15 seeds. The seeds are nearly spherical through the coriaceous testa, flat, and brown (Dey and Das 1988; Prakash et al. 1978)

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Snowy orchid tree (Bauhinia acuminate): Classification, Geographical Distribution, Characteristics, Chemical Constituent, and Traditional Uses

Snowy orchid tree (Bauhinia acuminate): Classification, Geographical Distribution, Characteristics, Chemical Constituent, and Traditional Uses Introduction More than 300 species are represented by the gene Bauhinia, one of the largest genera in the caesalpiniaceae subfamily. In many mild temperate and sub-tropical regions, Bauhinia has been widely planted as an ornamental tree for gardens, parks, and roadside

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Stone Flower (Parmalia perlata): Introduction, Classification, Habitat, Botanical Description, Phytochemical Aspects, and Traditional Uses

Chharila, also known as Permalia perlata, is a plant in the Parmeliaceae family. The reason for some of its other common names, including Stone Flower, Patthar Phool, Shilaapushpa, and others, is likely due to its historical medicinal effect on ashmari (urinary stones) in the Ayurveda system of Indian medicine. Similar to Saxifraga ligulata, Didymocarpus pedicellata is also known as Patharphori (stone crusher), and both are used to treat kidney stones. A major component of parmelia species, usnic acid, demonstrated strong antimitotic, antitumor, and antimycobacterial effects. Other distinctive constituents, such as diffractic acid, gyrophoric acid, caperatic acid, etc., were also isolated and are well known for their analgesic, antipyretic, antispasmodic potential, and beneficial effects against hyperproliferative skin diseases like psoriasis, etc. There are three different types of parmelia, including P. perlata (L.) Ach., P. perofrata (Wulf.) Ach., and P. perforatum (Ach.) Mass., as well as P. sanacti-angelii Lynge, are offered as chharila in the Indian market. Tridecyl myristate, 3-ketooleanane, icosan-1-ol, usnic acid, parmelanostene permelabdone, atranorin, lecanoric acid, orcin, erythrolein, azolitmin, and spaniolitmin are only a few of the chemical components it includes. To improve the flavour and taste of food, P. perlata is typically used as a spice. Additionally, to have aphrodisiac potential, it possesses astringent, resolvent, laxative, and carminative qualities. Additionally, it helps with piles, scabies, leprosy, bronchitis, excessive salivation, toothaches, boils, inflammations, seminal weakness, dyspepsia, calculi, blood disorders, heart ailments, stomach problems, and general pain. In addition to a good cephalic snuff, drug smoke is thought to cure headaches, and powder is applied to wounds.

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